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WOMAN SUFFRAGE 



A STUDY OUTLINE 



PREPARED BY 

JUSTINA LEAVITT WILSON 
/i 



THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY 

WHITE PLAINS, N. Y., and NEW YORK CITY 

1916 












Copyright, 1016, by 
THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY 



©JU420743 
FEB II 1916 



HYMN FOR EQUAL SUFFRAGE* 

By Percy MacKaye 

They have strewn the burning hearths of Man with darkness 

and with mire, 
They have heaped the burning hearts of Man with ashes of 

desire, 
Yet from out those hearts and hearths still leaps the quick 

eternal fire 

Whose flame is liberty. 

But the flame which once led deathward all the dazzled fight- 
ing hordes 

Lights them now to living freedom from the bondage of their 
lords, 

And our mothers are uprisen 'mid their sons to wrest the 
swords 

From hands of tyranny. 

For the freedom of the laborer is freedom from his toil, 
And freedom of the citizen is right to share the soil, 
And the freedom of our country is our loosing of the coil 
That chokes posterity. 

So we who wage our devious wars, in fastness and in fen, 
Let us claim our common birthright in the living sun again, 
Till the battle of the beasts becomes the reasoning of men, 
And joy our destiny. 

Let us march then, all together, not because our leaders call, 
But at summons of the mighty soul of man within us all, 
Men and women, equal comrades, let us storm the nation's wall 
And cry "Equality!" 

For the vote that brings to woman and to man life's common 

bread, 
Is mightier than the mindless gun that leaves a million dead; 
And the rights of Man shall, triumph where once men and 

women bled 

When mothers of men are free. 

* From "The Present Hour," by Percy MacKaye. Reprinted by per- 
mission of the author. The Macmillan Company, publishers. 



INTRODUCTORY NOTE 

The undaunted suffragist who emerges from a 
campaign that has deferred but not defeated her cause 
invariably feels that she might have carried her district 
or her town if she had only been better prepared for 
her work. She has the conviction that the larger suc- 
cess of the woman suffrage issue will be directly due 
to broader suffrage education, not only for herself but 
for the whole woman population that must be trained 
up to citizenship. 

It is for suffragists of experience, therefore, no less 
than for many who are facing or hoping soon to face 
state campaigns for the first time that this study out- 
line has been prepared. Its scope, from Plato to the 
present, offers. the breadth of view necessary not only 
for a good perspective but also for deep appreciation of 
the meaning of the subject. 

The bibliography, while not exhaustive, aims to 
include the freshest and most illuminating material 
available. It is an almost exasperating fact that many 
remarkable utterances on subjects listed here have 
never got into print. A long list of valuable round 
table subjects readily suggests itself to experienced 
suffragists, but articles upon these subjects have not 
found their way into magazines. In this connection 
might be mentioned the fact that the model suffrage 
speech has yet to be written. There are many excellent 
speeches, model in some respects ; but it is difficult to 
find one which meets the requirements of technic as well 
as substance. The explanation for the lack is to be 



6 INTRODUCTORY NOTE 

found in the fact that suffrage propagandists have been 
too busy making speeches to stop to write them. 
Extending and formulating suffrage literature will be 
the task of the next decade. 

If, then, the references for some of the topics are 
rather meager, let it be understood that the lack is due 
to the dearth of material. Perhaps the paucity will 
spur some clever suffrage students on to make up for 
the deficiency. 

There have been included under the first topic, 
"Some early ideas on sex equality/' also under other 
topics thruout the outline a few books that will be 
hard to secure. They are listed for readers who have 
access to large libraries. Others will find it possible to 
arrange the reading without these books, omitting, if 
necessary, the first topic. 

The material listed under the first division of "The 
suffrage speech" is wholly composed of leaflets, sold 
by the dozen or the hundred, whose subject matter is 
so obvious from the titles that no mention has been 
made of them in the annotated bibliography. 

Credit is due Miss Margaret Ladd Franklin for the 
bibliography made use of for "Some early ideas on 
sex equality." 

J. L. W. 







CONTENTS 

Hymn for Equal Suffrage Percy MacKaye 3 

Introductory Note 5 

General View 

I. Early movement 9 

II. World movement 10 

III. World movement {continued) 13 

General Arguments for Woman Suffrage 

IV. Arguments based upon progress in the 

evolution of woman; Expediency; 
Justice 15 

V. Arguments based on the actual working 

of equal suffrage 17 

Suffrage Program 

VI. Ways to win . 19 

VII. Organization: The political district plan 21 

Round Table Talks 

VIII. Woman and the state 22 

IX. Some social aspects of suffrage 23 

Training the Suffrage Worker for Public 
Speaking 

X. The stiff rage speech 24 . 

XL The speaker 27 

Gains in Equal Suffrage 28; 

Suffrage Status in the United States '. 31 

Bibliography 33 



STUDY OUTLINE ON WOMAN SUFFRAGE 

A GENERAL VIEW 
I 

Women in Early Times 

i. Some early ideas on sex equality. 

Astrell. An essay in the defence of the female sex. 
Feyjoo y Montenegro. A defence on the vindication of 

the women. 
Plato. Republic; Book V; §451-456. 
"Sophia." Beauty's triumph. . 
Walsh. Dialogue concerning women. 

2. Survey of women's rights under (1) Roman law; 
(2) The early Christian church; (3) Ger- 
manic law; (4) The canon law; (5) English 
law 

Bryce. Studies in history and. jurisprudence, p. 783-859. 
Cleveland. Woman under the English law. 
Colquhon. Roman civil law. See references under "Mar- 
riage." 
Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11 ed., v. 28, p. 782-8. 
Ferrero. Ancient Rome and modern America, p. 61-77. 
Fowler. Social life at Rome in the age of Cicero, p. 

I35-67- 
Hecker. A short history of woman's rights, p. 1-149. 
Mackeldy. Handbook of Roman law. 
Muirhead. Historical introduction to the private law 

of Rome. 
Pollock and Maitland. History of English law before 

the time of Edward I. v. 1, p. 465-8; v. 2, 362-445. 
Tacitus. Works, v. 2, p. 286-342'. 
Tucker. Life in the Roman world, p. 289-313. 



10 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

II 

World Movement for Suffrage * 
i. United States.- 

Barnes. Woman in modern society, p. 173-206. 
Bjorkman and Porritt. Woman suffrage, p. 64-106. 
Harper. Brief history of the movement for woman 

suffrage in the United States. 
Harper. Life and work of Susan B. Anthony. 
Hecker. Short history of women's rights, p. 150-235. 
Howe. Julia Ward Howe and the woman suffrage 

movement. 
Schirmacher. Modern woman's rights movement, p. 2-42. 
Shaw. Story of a pioneer.. 
Squire. Woman movement in America. 
Stanton and Others. History of woman suffrage. 
Zimmern. Women's suffrage in many lands, p. 1-15. 
North American Review. 200:893-9. Dec. '14. Recent 

elections and woman suffrage. Ida H. Hooper. 
Outlook 102:375-6. Oct. 26, '12. Progress of woman's 

suffrage. 
World To-Day. 19:1017-21. Sept. 10. Evolution of the 

woman suffrage movement. Ida H. Harper. 
World's Work. 22:14733-45. Aug. '11. Recent strides 

of woman suffrage. Bertha D. Knobe. 

2. Other Teutonic countries : Great Britain, Canada, 
Scandinavian countries, Netherlands, Swit- 
zerland, Germany, Luxemburg, Austria and 
South Africa. Hungary, tho not of Teu- 
tonic origin is included in this group. (See 
footnote p. 13.) 

Anthony. Feminist movement in Germany. 
Blackburn. Women's suffrage. 
Bjorkman and Porritt. Woman suffrage. 
Fawcett. Women's suffrage. 

* See "Gains in Equal Suffrage," p. 28. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 11 

Hecker. Short history of women's rights, p. 120-50. 
Schirmacher. Modern woman's rights movement, p 58- 

175. 
Smith. Outlines of women's franchise movement in 

New Zealand, p. 98. 
Swanwick. Future of the women's movement. 
Zimmern. Women's suffrage in many lands, p. 16-109; 

152-76. 
Atlantic Monthly. 109:457-67. Apr. '12. The German 

woman. Hugo Miinsterberg. 
Canadian Magazine. 41 : 162-5. June '13. Canadian women 

and the suffrage. Isabel Skelton. 
Chautauquan. 58:97-108. Mar. 'ia Woman suffrage 

movement in Great Britain. Mrs. Philip Snowden. 
Forum. 44:569-83. Nov. '10. Votes for women in Eng- 
land. Archibald Henderson. 
Forum. 51 : 347-53. Mar. '14. Aspects of the English 

suffrage movement. J. Salwyn Schapiro. 
Independent. 84:119-20. Oct. 25, '15. Demonstration of 

equal suffrage. 
Independent. 82:5-14. June 21, '15. Danish women win. 

Ida H. Harper. 
Independent. 68:1442-5. June 30, '10. Woman suffrage 

in Great Britain. Ida H. Harper. 
Independent. 72 : •399-403. Feb. 22, '12. Woman suffrage 

crises in Great Britain. Ida H. Harper. 
Nineteenth Century. 71 : 364-77. Feb. '12. Legal position 

of women in Norway. J. Castberg. 
North American Review. 183 : 1272-9. Dec. 21, '06. 

Australian woman and the ballot. Alice Henry. 
North American Review. 188 : 650-8. Nov. '08. Woman 

movement in England. Charles F. Aked. 
Popular Science Monthly. 56 : 328-37. Jan. 'oo. Woman's 

struggle for liberty in Germany. Mary M. Patrick. 
Report of Seventh Congress of The International Woman 

Suffrage Alliance held in Budapest, Hungary, June 

15-21, 1913. 
Review of Reviews. 44:726. Dec. 'u. World movement 

for suffrage. Ida H. Harper. 
Review of Reviews. 45 : 231-2. Feb. '12. Changing ideals 

of the modern German woman. 



12 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Twentieth Century Magazine. 3:330-33. Jan. 'ii. Woman 
suffrage in Norway. Saint N. Singh. 

Westminster Review. 170:43-53. July '08. Woman move- 
ment in New Zealand. Edith S. Grossman. 

Woman's Journal. 46:383. Dec. 4, '15. Holland's bill in- 
cludes women. 

Woman Voter. 7:20. Jan. '16. Woman suffrage in Hol- 
land. Martina G. Kramers. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 13 

III 

World Movement for Suffrage (Continued) 

i. Romance Countries : France, Belgium, Italy, Spain 
and Portugal. 

Bjorkman and Porritt. Woman suffrage. 

Ellis. Soul of Spain, p. 86-7. 

Schirmacher. Modern woman's rights movement, p. 
175-211. 

Zimmern. Women's suffrage in many lands, p. 110-36. 

Century. 85:116-26. Nov. 12. Feminist of France. 
Ethel D. Rockwell. 

Contemporary Review. 76:819-31. Dec. '99. Woman 
question in Italy. Dora Melegari. 

Fortnightly Review. 96:328-35. Aug. 'n. French woman 
and the vote. Charles Dawbarn. 

Harper's Weekly. 58:28. May 16, '14. Forward! Femin- 
ists of France. Robert W. Sneddon. 

Report of Seventh Congress of the International Woman 
Suffrage Alliance held in Budapest, Hungary, June 
15-21, 1913. 

Review of Reviews. 44:354-6. Sept. '11. Glimpse of the 
feminist movement in France. Mme. Renaud. 

Review of Reviews, 44:726. Dec. '11. World move- 
ment for woman suffrage. Ida H. Harper. 

2. Slavic and Balkan states including Russia's depend- 
ency, Finland.* 

Bjorkman and Porritt. Woman suffrage, p. 41-4. 

Curtis. Around the Black Sea. p. 424-9. 

Reade, Arthur. Finland and the Finns. Chapter XV, on 

the "Rights of Women." 
Schirmacher. Modern woman's rights movement, p. 

110-16; 215-42. 
Wiener. An interpretation of the Russian people. 

* Finland is often incorrectly classed with the Scandinavian countries. 
Only geographically is the classification permissible. Linguistically, Finland 
is not of the Indo-European family but belongs to the same Asiatic group 
as the Hungarians. Politically, the country is dominated by Russia, whose 
dependency it is. 



14 WOMAN SUFFRAGE 

Zimmern. Women's suffrage in mam' lands, p. 137-51. 

International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Report of con- 
gress held in Budapest, Hungar}% June 15-21, 1913. 
•Literary Digest. 49:282-3. Aug. '14. Women of Hun- 
gary. 

Review of Reviews. 44:726. Dec. '11. World move- 
ment for woman suffrage. Ida H. Harper. 

Review of Reviews. 46:243-4. Aug. '12. Effect of votes 
on women in Finland. 

Review of Reviews. 49:731-2. June '14. New freedom 
for the Russian women. 

Review of Reviews. 51 : 614-16. May '15. Russian pro- 
gram and the working of woman suffrage. 

Review of Reviews. 44:728. Dec. '11. World movement 
for woman suffrage. Ida H. Harper. 

Westminster Review. 159:429-35. Apr. '03. Position of 
women in Russia. James Burns. 

. Orient and the Far East. 

Delineator. 79:283-363. Apr. '12. Unbinding the women 
of China. 

Edinburgh Review. 216: 163-86 July '12 Changing status 
of oriental women. J. O. P. Bland and others. 

Fortnightly Review. 93:1175-82. June '13. First Per- 
sian feminist. Constance E. Maud. 

Independent. 75:667-70. Sept. 18, '13. Women of China. 
Rev. Charles Bone. 

Independent. 67 : 418-20. Aug. 19, '09. Woman suffrage 
in South Africa. Irene M. Ashby Macfadyen. 

Literary Digest. 44:1306-9. June 22 '12. An American 
girl reforming India. 

Literary Digest. 46:563-4. Mar. 15 '13. Patnotie awak- 
ening of the Turkish women. 

Literary Digest. 44:239. Feb. 3, '12. Suffragettes of 
China. 

Nineteenth Century. 72:1040-51. Nov. '12. Position of 
Women in China. Edith Blake. 

Popular Science Monthly. 82:71-5. Jan. '13. Position of 
women in China. Dr. L. Pearl Boggs. 

Review of Reviews. 46:73-80. July '12. New woman of 
the new East. Adachi Kinnosuke and Basanta K. 
Roy. 



GENERAL ARGUMENTS FOR WOMAN 
SUFFRAGE 

IV 
Arguments Based on Evolution, Justice, Expediency 

1. Progress in the evolution of woman. 

Higher education and economic independence 
have been achieved. Political independence 
is the logical next step. 

Curtis. Higher education of women, v. I, p. 401-25. 

Gilman. Women and economics. 

Hale. What women want. 

McClung. In times like these. 

Phelps, E. M. Woman suffrage. Brief, p. xi. 

Annals of the American Academy. 56:1-8. Nov. '14. 

Larger aspects of the woman's movement. Jane 

Addams. 
Annals of the American Academy. 56:9-17. Nov. '14. 

Woman's place in the new civilization. Earl Barnes. 
Kappa Alpha Theta. 29:313-20. May '15. Justice and the 

expediency of votes for women. Justina L. Wilson. 
North American Review. 202:730-5. Nov. '15. Suffrage. 

and a woman's centenary. Ida H. Harper. 

2. Justice. 

Catt. Woman suffrage and its basic argument. 

Creel. Justice vs. chivalry. 

Du Bois. Disfranchisement. 

M'Carthy. Political enfranchisement of women. 

Mazzini. Duties towards the family in the duties of 
man. v. 4, p. 281-90. 

Schmidt. Government by the people. 

Whitlock. Women and democracy. 

Annals of the American Academy. 56:93-8. Nov. '14.. 
Equal Suffrage — a problem of political justice. Anna. 
H. Shaw. 

Independent. 82:3-4. Apr. 5, '15. Justice and desirabil- 
ity of woman suffrage. 

North American Review. 183 : 484-98. Sept. 21, '06. Suf- 
frage — a right. 



16 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

3. Expediency. 

Addams. Why women should vote. 

Bjorkman. Why women want to vote. 

Coit. Soul of America, p. 45-9. 

Eastman. Woman's suffrage and sentiment. 

Fawcett. Home and politics. 

Mill. Subjection of women. 

Phelps. Woman suffrage. Brief, p. xii-xiii. 

Ross. Social psychology. 

Annals of the American Academy. 56:105-10. Nov. '14. 
Socializing influence of the ballot upon women, 
Hutchinson. 

Catholic World. 102:55-67. Oct. '15. Catholic woman- 
hood and the suffrage. Helen Haines. 

Current Opinion. 54:483-4. June '13. Ballot as" an 
ethical education for women. 

Forum. 53:711-27. June '15. Why do women want the 
ballot? H. G. Cutler. 

Forum. 48:394-408. Oct. '12. Woman and the state. 
Anna G. Spencer. 

Literary Digest. 44: 1211-12. June 8, '12. Catholic view of 
woman suffrage. 

National Municipal Review. 4 : 437-47. July '15. Are 
women a force for good government? 

Survey. 31 : 595-6. Feb. 7, '14. Women socializing poli- 
tics. Graham Taylor. 

United States. 63d Congress, 2d session. House Doc. 
No. 754. Hearing before the Committee on Rules, 
House of Representatives, on resolution establishing 
a committee on woman suffrage. Dec. 3-5, 1915. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 17 

V 

Arguments Based on the Actual Working 
of Equal Suffrage. 

I. United States. 

Barnes. Woman in modern society, p. 173-206. 

Bjorkman and Porritt. Woman suffrage, p. 106-50. 

Effect of vote of women on legislation. 

Kelley. Some ethical gains through legislation, p. 172- 
208. 

Meredith. What difference does it make to women? 

Sumner. Equal suffrage. 

Thomas. Why equal suffrage has been a success. 

Abbott. National Municipal Review. 4:437-47. July '15. 
Are women a force for good government? Edith 
Abbott. 

American Magazine. 79:57-8. Feb. '15. How women 
voted in Chicago. Hugh S. Fullerton. 

Century. 8>7 : 663-71. Mar. '14. What have women done 
with the vote? George Creel. 

Harper's Weekly. 58:18. May 2, '14. Woman's vote in 
Utah. Erna von R. Owen. 

Harper's Weekly. 58:20-3. Apr. 25, '14. How women 
vote. Katherine Buell. 

Harper's Weekly. 60:441. May 8, '15. Result in Cali- 
fornia. Inez H. Gillmore. 

Journal of Education. 82:244. Sept. 16, '15. Reports 
from suffrage states. J. A. Stewart. 

Literary Digest. 48 : 891-2. Woman's hand in Illinois. 

Literary Digest. 51 : 753-6. Oct. 9, '15. What America 
thinks of votes for women. 

National Municipal "Review. 3:663-71. Oct. '14. Do 
women vote? Ellis Meredith. 

New Republic. 3 : 151. June 12, '15. Statistics in Chi- 
cago suffrage. Edith Abbott. 

Nineteenth Century. 75 : 415-33. F. '14. Woman suffrage 
at work in America. Robert Palmer. A. McCallum 
Scott. 

North American Review. 199:338-44. Mar. '14. Work- 
ing on equal suffrage. George Harvey. 



18 WOMAN SUFFRAGE 

Outlook. 106:509-11. Mar. 7, '14. Women vote in Illi- 
nois. 

Review of Reviews. 47:608-10. May '13. How Cali- 
fornia women voters made good. 

Sunset. 30:344-8. Apr. '13. Vice and the woman's vote. 
Miriam Michelson. 

Survey. 32:344-8. Apr. 18, '14. Women's voting signifi- 
cantly tested in Illinois. 

Woman's Journal. 46:380. Dec 25, '15. Women do vote, 
and Some California figures. Alice S. Blackwell. 

World's Work. 27:14-5. Nov. '13. Year of equal suf- 
frage. 

2. Foreign countries. 

Contemporary Review. 102:105-8. July '12. Finland's 
woman deputies and their work. Vera Palen- 
Kordes. 

Delineator. 77:270-352. Apr. '11. Where suffrage made 
good. W. Farmer Whyte and Sarah W. MacCon- 
nell. 

Independent. J2> ' 334S- Aug. 8, '15. Success of woman 
suffrage. 

Literary Digest. 46:700-1. Mar. 29, '13. Bright side of 
suffrage in Finland. 

Nineteenth Century. 74:979-87. Nov. '12 Women's par- 
liamentary franchise in practice. George H. Frod- 
sham. 

World To-day. 21:1055-60. Sept. '11 Woman suffrage 
in New Zealand. Theresa H. Russell. 



THE SUFFRAGE PROGRAM 

VI 
Ways to Win 

1. Presidential and municipal suffrage secured by leg- 

islative enactment (e.g. Illinois). 
Journal of the House of Representatives of the 48th 

General Assembly of the state of Illinois, 1914. See p. 

2271 for index to record of House Bill 56. 
Journal of the Senate of the 48th general assembly of 

Illinois, 1914. See p. 2371 for index to record of 

Senate Bill 63. 
Collier's. 51 : 56. Aug. 9, '13. The noiseless suffragette. 

George Fitch. 
Literary Digest. 46:1409-11. June 28, '13. The suffrage 

conquest of Illinois. 
Woman Voter. 7 : 13-14. Ja. '16. Presidential suffrage — 

how and why. Nora Blatch de Forest. 

2. Full suffrage secured by an amendment to the state 

constitution and carried by popular election. 

Headquarters News Letter. 1 : 3-5. Oct. '15. Congress- 
man Hayden on suffrage tactics. 

New York State Constitutional Convention Commission. 
Index digest of state constitutions, p. 11-30. 

Outlook. 110:243. June 2, '15. Woman suffrage and the 
New York Convention. 

Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science. 
5 : 73-81. Oct. '14. Woman suffrage w Thomas R. 
Powell. 

Woman Voter. 7:12. Jan. ' 16. State campaigns. Harriet 
B. Laidlaw. 

3. Full suffrage secured thru the Federal amendment. 

Beard. American citizenship, p. 97. 
Harper. National amendment for woman suffrage. 
Susan B. Anthony Amendment. Text; Procedure in 
Congress; Procedure in the states. 



20 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Current Opinion. 56:9-11. June /14. Annual invasion 
of Congress by the woman suffragists. 

Headquarters News Letter. 1 : 3-8. Congressman Hay- 
den on suffrage. 

Literary Digest. 48 : 745-6. Apr. 4, 14. Suffrage as a 
national issue. 

North American Review. 109:709-21. May '14. National 
constitution will enfranchise women. Ida H. Har- 
per. 

Woman Voter. 7:8. Jan. '16 How? 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 21 

VII 

Organization : The Political District Plan * 

1. Plan for a woman suffrage party in any state. 

Laidlaw. Organizing to win. p. 3-4. 

2. Activities of the woman suffrage party; Political, 

legislation, propaganda, education for civic 
life, reform. 
Laidlaw. Organizing to win. p. 4-12. 

* The outline for this day's study is based upon Mrs. Harriet B. Laid- 
law's "Handbook for Working Suffragists." 



ROUND TABLE TALKS 
VIII 

Woman and the State 

1. Woman and the law: political and legal status of 

women. 

Bayles. Woman and the law. . 

Bebcl. Woman under socialism. Chap. x. Woman's 

civil and political status. 
Hecker. Short history of women's rights, p. 174-235. 
International Council of Women. Women's position in 

the laws of the nations. 
Lecky. Democracy and liberty. 
McCabe. Woman in political evolution. 
McCulloch. Mr. Lex. 
Ostrogorski. Rights of women. 
Rembaugh. Present political status of women in the 

United States. 
Roe. Discriminations against women in the laws of 

New York. 
Wilson. Legal status of women in the United States. 
Chautauquan. 18 : 477-80. Jan. '94. Political status of 

women. Jeanette Howard. 

2. Women in politics. 

Beard. Woman's work in municipalities, p. 319-37. 

American Journal of politics. 2 : 385-7. Apr. '93. Women 
in politics. 

Harper's Weekly. 56:12. Nov. 9, '12. Women in poli- 
tics in the presidential campaign. 

Literary Digest. 45 ; 324-6. Women's work in the cam- 
paign. 

Literary Digest. 51 : 896. Oct. '15. Women enter Japan- 
ese politics. 

Nineteenth Century. 72:167-81. July '12. Where women 
sit in parliament. Edith Sellers. 

Outlook. 102:162-4. Sept. 28, '12. Women in politics. 

Survey. 31 : 595-6. Feb. 7, '14. Women socializing poli- 
tics. Graham Taylor. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 23 

IX 

Some Social Aspects of Suffrage 

i. The relation of woman suffrage to feminism. 

Blackwell. The threefold menace. 

Crothers. Meditations on votes for women, p. 19-21. 

Dell. Women as world builders, p. 1-22. 

George. Woman and to-morrow, p. 1-57. 

Hale. What women want. 

Annals of the American Academy. 56: 18-26. Nov. '14. 
The economic basis of feminism. Maurice Parmelee. 

Forum. 48:455-64. Oct. '12. New prophetess of femin- 
ism. Frances M. Bjorkman. 

Good Housekeeping. 58:679-84. May '14. What is fem- 
inism? Rose Young. 

2. Woman suffrage and war. 

Addams, and others. Women at The Hague. 

Blake. Women and war. 

MacKaye. Hymn for equal suffrage. 

Mead. Abolition of the war system. 

Militarism versus feminism. 

Harper's Weekly. 61 : 548-9. Dec. 4, '15. War and 

woman suffrage. Ida H. Harper. 
Survey. 35 : 148. Nov. 6, '15. Women, war and suffrage. 

Jane Addariis. 

3. Woman suffrage and temperance. 

Blackwell. Suffrage and temperance. 

Bjorkman. Woman suffrage and the liquor interests. 

Annals of the American Academy. 56:143-52. Nov. '14. 

Woman suffrage and the liquor traffic. E. S. Stewart. 
Institution Quarterly. 5 : 59-62. D. 13, '14. How Illinois. 

women voted on saloons. 

4. Woman suffrage and the church. 

Craigie. Christian citizenship. 

Dietrick. Women in the early Christian church. 

Literary Digest. 50:1156. My. 15, '15. Woman suffrage 

and the church. 
Westminster Review. 131 : 135-47. Feb. '89. St. Paul 

and the woman movement. 



TRAINING THE PUBLIC WORKER FOR 
PUBLIC SPEAKING 

Statement: Suffrage schools have been held in the 
large suffrage centers where men and women, desirous 
of equipping themselves for public speaking, assemble 
not only to study suffrage arguments, tactics, human 
psychology and its relation to attracting and holding 
audiences but also to prepare for delivery through tech- 
nical training in voice, attitude and gesture. This 
department of present day suffrage activity is vastly 
important because there has not been a town in any 
campaign state so far that has had enough speakers for 
local work. In all further effective campaign efforts it 
will be absolutely necessary to train up local women 
for platform speaking. The work outlined in the pro- 
gram to this point, if it has been carried on with 
thoroughness, has furnished a broad suffrage view. 
Now the aim is to focus upon the special material out 
of which suffrage speeches are fashioned ; viz., argu- 
ments. In program IV the subject of arguments was 
considered in a broad way. The bibliography inserted 
at this point refers the prospective speaker to specific 
considerations and to specific handling of them. 

X 

The Suffrage Speech 
i. Material*: Arguments and results. 

ARGUMENTS. 

Addams. Women and public housekeeping. 
Blackwell. Do teachers need the ballot? 
Blackwell. Is voting an industry? 

* These leaflets are all published by the National Woman Suffrage 
Publishing Company, 171 Madison Ave., N. Y. Price per 100, postpaid, 25c. 






WOMAN SUFFRAGE 25 

Blackwell. Objections answered. 

Blackwell. Why women should vote. 

Blackwell. Women do not want it. 

Blake. Women and war. 

Bjorkman. Facts and dates to remember. 

Breckenridge. Mother's sphere. 

Catholic opinions. 

Catt. Feminism and suffrage. 

Crane. Business versus the home. 

Dennett. Real point. 

Disfranchised men. 

Dix. Woman's Ballot. 

Fitzgerald. Have we a democracy? 

Fitzgerald. Women in the home. 

Hopkins. Woman's place. 

Hutchinson. Biological argument. 

Kelley. Woman suffrage, its relation to working women 

and children. 
Mead. Suffrage and soldiering. 

Meredith. What difference does it make to women? 
Nathan. Justice and expediency of woman suffrage. 
Obenchain. Indirect influence. 
Obenchain. Unanswerable argument answered. 
O'Hagan. Do men represent women? 
O'Hagan. Why the housekeeper needs the vote. 
O' Sullivan. Why the working woman needs the vote. 
Phelan. Living wages and the ballot. 
Potter. Direct way. 
Runtz-Rees. Passages from the speeches of Dr. Anna 

H. Shaw. 
Shaw. Ten extempore answers to questions. 
Sunkhovitch. Votes in the tenements. 
Twenty-five answers to anti's. 
Usher. Question of fitness. 

RESULTS 

Blackwell. Women and the school vote. 

Blackwell. Ministers in equal suffrage states on votes 

for women. 
Brewer. Summing up the case for woman suffrage. 
California — Results in. 



26 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Colorado — Testimony from. 

Colorado — Truth about. 

Decker. Some common questions answered. 

Eminent people declare for suffrage. 

Grenfell. Ballot and the schools. 

Idaho — Testimony from. 

Lindsay. Suffrage in Colorado. 

Reynolds. Votes for women a success. 

Twenty facts about woman suffrage. 

Wyoming — Testimony from. 

2. Divisions: What introduction, body and conclusion 

should include. 

Esenwein. How to attract and hold an audience, p. 76-84. 
Kleiser. A dictionary guide to public speaking. 
Livermore. Outline of suffrage speech. 
Robinson. Effective public speaking, p. 31-101. 

3. Some good suffrage speeches. 

Clark. Why women ought to desire the ballot. 

Eastman. Is woman suffrage important? 

Jacobi. Address on behalf of the women of the city of 

New York before the Committee on suffrage of the 

state constitutional convention, May 31, 1894. 
Johnston. Speech delivered to the House of Governors, 

in Richmond, Va., Dec. 1912. 
Phillips. Shall women have the vote? 
Robins. The ballot for women for the protection of the 

home. 
Shaw. Speech delivered at -Birmingham, Ala., April 16, 

1915. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 27 

XI 

The Speaker 

Preparation: Voice, gesture, practice. 

Esenwein. How to attract and hold an audience. Part III. 
Esenwein and Carnagey. Art of public speaking, p. 15-70. 
Kleiser. Complete Guide to Public Speaking. See sec- 
tions on preparation, voice, gesture, practice. 
Robinson. Effective public speaking, p. 363-98. 

Delivery. 

Brink. Making of an oration, p. 196-208. 

Esenwein. How to attract and hold an audience.. 

Part IV. 
Esenwein and Carnagey. Art of public speaking, p. 

171-81. 
Fowler. Art of speech making. 



GAINS IN' EQUAL SUFFRAGE. 
Alice S. Blackwell. 

Eighty years ago women could not vote anywhere, 
except to a very limited extent in Sweden, and in a 
few other places in the old world. 



Time 


Place 


Kind of Suffrage 




1838 


Kentucky 


School suffrage to widows with 
dren of school age. 


chil- 


1850 


Ontario 


School suffrage, women married 
single 


and 


l86l 


Kansas 


School suffrage. 




186/ 


New South Wales 


Municipal suffrage. 




1869 


England 


Municipal suffrage, single women 
widows. 


and 




Victoria 


Municipal suffrage, married and 
gle women. 


sin- 




Wyoming 


Full suffrage. 




I87I 


West Australia 


Municipal suffrage. 




1875 


Michigan 


School suffrage. 






Minnesota 


School suffrage. 




1876 


Colorado 


School suffrage. 




1877 


New Zealand 


School suffrage. 




1878 


New Hampshire 


School suffrage. 






Oregon 


School suffrage. 




1879 


Massachusetts 


School suffrage. 




1880 


New York 


School suffrage. 






Vermont 


School suffrage. 






South Australia 


Municipal suffrage. 




l88l 


Scotland 


Municipal suffrage to the single wom- 






en and widows. 






Isle of Man 


Parliamentary suffrage. 




1883 


Nebraska 


School suffrage. 




1884 


Ontario 


Municipal suffrage. 






Tasmania 


Municipal suffrage. 




1886 


New Zealand 


Municipal suffrage. 






New Brunswick 


Municipal suffrage. 




1887 


Kansas 


Municipal suffrage. 






Nova Scotia 


Municipal suffrage. 





WOMAN SUFFRAGE 



29 



Time 


Place 


Kind of Suffrage 


1887 


Manitoba 


Municipal suffrage. 




North Dakota 


School suffrage. 




South Dakota 


School suffrage. 




Montana 


School suffrage. 




Arizona 


School suffrage. 




New Jersey 


School suffrage. 




Montana 


Tax-paying suffrage. 


1888 


England 


County suffrage. 




British Columbia 


Municipal suffrage. 




Northwest Terri- 


Municipal suffrage. 




tory 




1889 


Scotland 


County suffrage. 




Province of Que- 


Municipal suffrage. Single women 




bec 


and widows. 


189I 


Illinois 


School suffrage. 


1893 


Connecticut 


School suffrage. 




Colorado 


Full suffrage. 




New Zealand 


Full suffrage. 


1894 


Ohio 


School suffrage. 




Iowa 


Bond suffrage. 




England 


Parish and district suffrage. Married 
and single women. 


1895 


South Australia 


Full state suffrage. 


1896 


Utah 


Full suffrage. 




Idaho 


Full suffrage. 


1898 


Ireland 


All offices except members of Par- 
liament. 




Minnesota 


Library trustees. 




Delaware 


School suffrage to tax paying women. 




France 


Women engaged in commerce can vote 
for judges of the Tribunal of 
commerce. 




Louisiana 


Tax-paying suffrage. 


1900 


Wisconsin 


School suffrage. 




West Australia 


Full state suffrage. 


1901 


New York 


Tax-paying suffrage. Local taxation 
in all towns and villages of the 
state. 




Norway 


Municipal suffrage. 


1902 


Australia 


Full suffrage. 




New South Wales 


Full state suffrage. 



30 



STUDY OUTLINE ON 



Time Place 

1903 Kansas 

Tasmania 

1 905 Queensland 

1906 Finland 

1907 Norway 



Sweden 
Denmark 



England 
Oklahoma 
1908 Michigan 



Denmark 



Victoria 
1909 Belgium 



Province of Vo- 
ralberg (Aus- 
trian Tyrol) 

Ginter Park, Va. 

1910 Washington 
New Mexico 

Norway 



Bosnia 

Diet of the Crown 
Province of 

Krain (Aus- 
tria) 



Kind of Suffrage 
Bond suffrage. 

Full state suffrage. 

Full state suffrage. 

Full suffrage. Eligible to all offices. 

Full parliamentary suffrage to the 

300,000 women who already had 

municipal suffrage. 
Eligible to municipal offices. 
Can vote for members of boards of 

public charities and serve on such 

boards. 
Eligible as mayors, aldermen and 

county and town councilors. 
New state continued school suffrage 

for women. 
Taxpayers to vote on questions of 

local taxation and granting of 

franchises. 
Women who are taxpayers, or wives 

of taxpayers, a vote for all officers 

except members of Parliament. 
Full state suffrage. 
Can vote for members of the Coun- 

seils des Prudhommes, and also 

eligible. 
Single women and widows paying 

taxes were given a vote. 

Tax-paying women, a vote on all mu- 
nicipal questions. 

Full suffrage. 

School suffrage. 

Municipal suffrage made universal. 
(Three-fifths of the women had 
had it before.) 

Parliamentary vote to women owning 
a certain amount of real estate. 

Suffrage to the women of its capital 
city, Laibach. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 



31 



Time 
I9IO 


Place 

India. (Gaekwar 
of Baroda) 

Wurtemberg, 
Kingdom of 




New York 


I9II 


California 
Honduras 




Iceland 




Ireland 


1912 
1913 


Arizona 

Kansas 

Oregon 

Alaska 

Illinois 



Norway 

1914 Iceland 
Illinois 

Montana 
Nevada 

1915 Denmark 



Kind of Suffrage 

Women of its dominions vote in mu- 
nicipal elections. 

Women engaged in agriculture vote 
for members of the Chamber of 
agriculture. Also eligible. 

Women in all towns, villages and 
third-class cities vote on bonding 
propositions. 

Full suffrage. 

Municipal suffrage in capital city, 
Belize. 

Parliamentary suffrage for women 
over 25 years. 

Women made eligible to city and 
county councils. 

Full suffrage. 

Full suffrage. 

Full suffrage. 

Full suffrage. 

Presidential, municipal and partial 
state and county suffrage. 

Parliamentary suffrage made uni- 
versal. 

Full suffrage conferred on women. 

Franchise law upheld as constitutional 
by the Supreme Court of Illinois. 

Full suffrage. 

Full suffrage. 

Full suffrage. 



SUFFRAGE STATUS IN THE UNITED STATES 

States where women have full suffrage — Wyoming, 
Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Washington, California, 
Kansas, Oregon, Arizona, Nevada, Montana, Alaska. 

Presidential and municipal suffrage — Illinois. 

States which vote on question in 1916 — Iowa (June 5), 
South Dakota, West Virginia. 

State which votes on the question in 1917 — Arkansas. 

State where amendment has passed one legislature and 

must pass another — Tennessee. 

International woman suffrage alliance. 
Nathan. Progress of equal suffrage. 1915 annual. 
Public affairs information service. 1915 annual, p. 333-4. 
World's almanac. 1916. p. 710-11. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Addams, Jane. Why women should vote. National,* 

N. Y. pa. 5c. 

This speech is included in the text of Bjorkman and Por- 
ritt's "Woman Suffrage." It shows that many women of 
to-day are failing to discharge their own household duties 
probably because they do not understand that as society grow T s 
more complicated it is necessary that women shall become 
responsible for many things outside their home. 

Addams, Jane, Balch, Emily G., Hamilton, Alice. 

Women at The Hague. Macmillan, N. Y., 1915. 75c. 

An account of the International Congress of Women, con- 
vened at The Hague in April, 1915, and of the journeys 
undertaken by two delegates from that congress. 

Anthony, Katherine. Feminist movement in Ger- 
many.. Holt, N. Y., 191 5. *$i.25. 

An excellent presentation of the woman question in Ger- 
many with emphasis upon the "Mutterschutz" phase of the 
movement. 

Astell, Mary. An essay in defence of the female sex. 

A. Roper and R. Chavel, London, 1697. (Columbia 

Library.) 

"Rather a counter-attack on the male sex than a defense 
of the female sex. The first twenty pages contain many 
keen, though good humored observations upon the sphere of 
women, and the effect of their education upon their minds." 

Barnes, Earl. Woman in modern society. B. W. 

Huebsch, N. Y., 1913. ^$1.25. 

The writer emphasizes the belief that men and women 
alike will achieve the greatest freedom and happiness not by 
minimizing sex differences, but by frankly recognizing them 
and using them. 

Bayles, George J. Woman and the law. Century Co., 

N. Y., 1901. *$i.4o. 

This good general view of the legal condition of the 
women of the United States is a clear statement but not an 
exhaustive analysis. 

* Used thruout the bibliography for National Woman Suffrage Publish- 
ing Company, 171 Madison Avenue, N. Y. 



34 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Beard, Charles A. American citizenship. Macmillan, 
N. Y, 1914. *$i. 

A handbook for elementary students of citizenship which 
aims to emphasize the great principles of government rather 
than to give too much attention to details of political 
organization. 

Beard, Mary R. Woman's work in municipalities. 
P- 3 I 9 _ 37- Appleton & Co., N. Y., 1915. *$i.5o. 

A clear summary which emphasizes the work that the 
women of America have done in behalf of rescuing the city 
from the power of evil and inefficiency and placing it upon 
a higher standard of morality and effectiveness. 

Bebel, August. Woman under socialism. New York 
Labor News Press, 1904. Si. 

The translation of a German work whose chapter on 
"Woman's civic and political status" is informing and con- 
tains a good general argument for political equality. 

Bjorkman, Frances M. Why women want to vote. 

National, N. Y. 5c. 

"Women want to vote, not only because they are women 
and want to do the mother work of the world that has, until 
now, always been in their hands but because they are human 
and are anxious to do their part in human work." 

Bjorkman, Frances M. Woman suffrage and the 

liquor interests. National, N. Y. 5c. 

In this illustrated pamphlet Miss Bjorkman gives proof 
of the organized opposition of the liquor interests. 

Bjorkman, Frances M., and Porritt, Annie G. 
Woman suffrage. Rev. ed. National, N. Y., 191 5. 

25c. 

This little handbook of joint authorship covers the history 
of suffrage in the United States, the extent of enfranchise- 
ment, the arguments for suffrage and the results. 

Blackburn, Helen. Women's suffrage. Williams & 
Norgate, London, 1902. 6s. 

A very good record of the woman suffrage movement in 
the British Isles. 

Blackwell, Alice S. Threefold menace. Women's 
Journal, Boston. 2c 

In which Miss Blackwell sets doubters straight on the 
subjects of militancy, feminism and socialism in connection 
with the suffrage movement in America. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 35 

Black well, Alice S. Suffrage and temperance. 
Woman's Journal, Boston. 2c. 

Answers, with facts, the query, "What meaning has suf- 
frage in connection w T ith the temperance question?" 

Brink, Clark M. Making, of an oration. McClurg & 

Co., Chicago, 1913. ^$1.50. 

In offering this practical manual the author presents the 
most approved methods to be employed in persuasive public 
speaking. 

Bryce, James. Studies in history and jurisprudence. 

2v. Oxford University Press, N. Y., 1901. *$3.5o. 

These volumes aim to bring out the importance of the 
constitutional and legal element in history by making a com- 
parison between the history and law T of Rome and the history 
and law of England. 

Catt. Woman suffrage and its basic argument. Na- 
tional, N. Y. 5c. 

The basic argument which Mrs. Catt gives force to is the 
justice of votes for women. 

Clark, James F. Why women ought to desire the 

ballot. 91 Mt. Vernon St., Boston. 1913. Gratis. 

A sermon which has so great propaganda value that it has 
been published as a suffrage tract. Its theme is that suffrage 
is what men and women need for more perfect education; 
that it is what the nation needs for its security and progress ; 
and that it is in the direction of all modern civilization and 
Christian progress. 

Cleveland, Arthur R. Woman under the English 

law : From the landing of the Saxons to the present 

time. Hurst & Blackett, London, 1896. 

A concise account of the laws which concern women during 
the period ranging from 450 A. D. to the end of the last 
century. 

Coit, Stanton. Soul of America. Macmillan, N. Y., 
1914. *$2. 

A study w T hich finds its origin in the conviction that the 
ultimate dynamic of all thorough reform in domestic life, in 
economics and politics is to be found in the sense of reality 
and urgency with which moral principles and social ideals are 
invested. 



36 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Colquhoun, Patrick MacC. de. Roman civil law: 
Illustrated by commentaries on and parallels from 
the Mosaic, Canon, Mohammedan, English and 
foreign law. 4_v. Stevens & Sons, London, 1849. 

A summary which states the Roman law, traces its origin 
and development and follows it with parallels from various 
systems enumerated in subtitle. 

Creel, George. Chivalry versus justice: Why the 

women of the nation demand the right to vote. 

National, N. Y. 3c. 

A forceful arraignment of false chivalry and an appeal to 
the true sense of justice that can recognize the worn out 
claims of sham chivalry. 

Craigie, Mary E. Christian citizenship. National, 
X. Y. 5c 

A good exposition of the relation of the church to suffrage. 

Crothers, Samuel M. Meditations on votes for 

women. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 1914. *$i. 

Allaying the fears of any who think woman suffrage is 
a first step in an impending revolution, the writer shows that 
the movement is only a necessary adjustment to the results 
of a revolution that has already happened. 

Curtis, George W. Higher education of women ; 

found in v. 1, Orations and addresses. Harper, 

1894. 3 v., ea. $3.50. 

"We may be very sure that we shall never know the 
sphere of any responsible human being until he has perfect 
freedom of choice and liberty of growth." This is the senti- 
ment that applies both to higher education and to woman 
suffrage. 

Curtis, William E. Around the Black Sea. Hodder 
& Stoughton, 191 1. *$2.5o. 

Composed of newspaper letters written in Asia Minor, 
Armenia, Caucasus, Circassia, Daghestan, the Crimea and 
Roumania. 

Dell, Floyd. Women as world builders. Forbes & 

Co., Chicago, 1913. *5oa 

Following a preliminary chapter on "The feminist move- 
ment" this volume treats of the qualities of feminism mani- 
fested in the activities of a group of prominent women of 
to-day; among them are Jane Addams, Margaret Dreier 
Robins, Ellen Kay and Dora Marsden. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 37 

Du Bois, W. E. B. Disfranchisement. National, N. Y., 
1911. 5c. 

A clear cut argument for complete democracy. 

Eastman, Max. Is woman suffrage important? Na- 
tional, N. Y., 5c. 

A defense of suffrage as an act demanded by the ideal 
principles of democracy and as a step to be taken with nature 
in the evolution of a great and symmetrical race. 

Eastman, Max. Woman suffrage and sentiment. Na- 
tional, N. Y. 5c. 

An excellent short statement covering "home and mother" 
sentiments. 

Effect of Vote of Women ox Legislatiox. National, 
N. Y. 5 c 

An investigation in the equal suffrage states made in Dec, 
I 9 I 3, by the Evening Sun of New York City, and brought up 
to the end of the legislative session of 1915. 

Ellis, Havelock. Soul of Spain, p. 86-7. Houghton 
Mifflin Co., Boston, 1909. *$2. 

Havelock Ellis explores the "essential Spain — its supreme 
manifestation of a certain primitive and eternal attitude of 
the human spirit, an attitude of heroic energy, of spiritual 
exaltation, directed not chiefly towards comfort or towards 
gains, but towards the more fundamental facts of human 
existence." 

Esexweix, J. Borg. How to attract and hold an audi- 
ence. Hinds, Noble & Eldredge, N. Y., 1902. Si. 
One of the best expositions of the subject. 

Esexweix, J. Borg, axd Carxagey, Dale. The art of 
public speaking. Home Correspondence School, 
Springfield, Mass., 1915. $1.62 postpaid. 

Declares, expounds and illustrates the following articles 
of the speaker's faith: (1) Public speaking is public utter- 
ance, public issuance of the man himself; (2) Will must have 
complete control over thought so that the outer self may 
give unhampered expression to the inner; (3) No one can 
learn how to speak who does not first speak as best he can. 

Fawcett, Millicext G. Home and politics. Women's. 
Printing Society, London. 

The chief arguments are that women need the suffrage in 
order that they ma}' be wise mothers and housekeepers ; that 



38 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

they will not become less womanly; and that the womanly 
and domestic side of things should weigh more and count 
for more in all public concerns. 

Fawcett, Millicent G. Women's suffrage. Dodge 
Publishing Co., N. Y., 25c. 

A good brief history of the suffrage movement in Eng- 
land showing the non-militant attitude of the National Union 
of Women's Suffrage Societies of which Mrs. Fawcett is 
president. 

Ferrero, Guglielmo. Ancient Rome and modern Amer- 
ica. Putnam, N. Y., 1914. ^$2.50. 

A comparative study of morals and manners which holds 
up to view the most important differences between the ancient 
world and the modern, between Europe and America. 

Feyjoo y Montenegro, Benito G. A defence or vin- 
dication of the women. T. Becket, London, 1778. 

A dissertation which aims to prove the intellectual equality 
of men and women. 

Fowler, Nathaniel C. Art of speech making. Sully 

& Kleinteich, N. Y., 191 5. *5oc. 

A practical treatise on the art of speech making covering 
every department of vocal expression, adapted to both pro- 
fessional and amateur speakers. 

Fowler, W. Warde. Social life at Rome in the age 
of Cicero. Macmillan, X. Y., 1910. ^$2.25. 

A picture of the life and manners, of the education, morals 
and religion of the age of Cicero. 

George, W. L. Woman and to-morrow. Appleton, 
N. Y., 1913. *$i.25. 

A dispassionate discussion of the demands and desires of 
the feminist movement in its truest sense. 

Gilman, Charlotte P. Women and economics. 

Small, Maynard & Co., Boston, 1898. $1.50. 

A study of the economic relation between men and women 
as a factor in social evolution. 

Hale, Beatrice Forbes-Robertson. What women 
want. Frederick A. Stokes Co., N. Y., 1915. $1.25. 

Mrs. Hale w^orks into unity her musings, observations and 
study of the needs, capacities and aspirations of women. She 
says : "It is my conviction that the evolutionary growth 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 39 

known as the Feminist Movement is gradually supplying to 
women the things they most need, and it is therefore with 
Feminism that this book deals." 

Harper, Ida H. Brief history of the movement for 

woman suffrage in the United States. Rev. ed. 

National, N. Y., 1915. 5c. 

A succinct short history which may be found incorporated 
with the text of Bjorkman and Porritt's "Woman Suffrage." 
It covers the period from 1647 to 191 5. 

Harper, Ida H. Life and work of Susan B. Anthony. 

3v. Bobbs-Merrill Co., Indianapolis, 1898. 3V. $5. 

A history of Susan B. Anthony which is at the same time 
a story of the evolution of the status of woman. It includes 
public addresses, Mrs. Anthony's own letters and many from 
her contemporaries during fifty years. 

Hecker, Eugene A. Short history of women's rights. 

Putnam, N.- Y., 1914. *$i.5q. 

Gives a survey of woman's rights from the days of Augus- 
tus to the present time with special reference to England and 
the United States. 

Howe, Julia W. Julia Ward Howe and the woman 

suffrage movement. Dana Estes, Boston, 1913. *$i. 

Selections from the speeches and essays of Julia Ward 
Howe with introduction and notes by her daughter. 

International Council of Women. Women's posi- 
tion in the laws , of the nations. Karlsruhe, 1912. 

A compilation of the law T s of different countries prepared 
by the I. C. W. standing committee on laws concerning the 
legal position of women. 

International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Na- 
tional, N. Y., 1913. 40c. 

A report of the seventh congress of the Alliance, held in 
Budapest, Hungary, June, 1913. Twelve delegates from each 
of twenty-one countries were present, with especially invited 
delegates from Egypt, India, Burmah, China, Japan and the 
Philippines. The report embraces a survey of the status of 
suffrage to the date of this congress. 

Jacobi, Mary P. "Common sense" applied to woman. 
(See appendix for listed suffrage speech.) Put- 
nam, N. Y. *$i. 1915. 

This volume presents in expanded form the address that 
the author delivered before the committee on woman suffrage 
of the Constitutional convention of 1894. 



40 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Johnston, Mary. Speech delivered to the House of 
Governors in Richmond, Va., Dec. 19 12. National, 
N. Y. 5c. 

Miss Johnston analyzes briefly the "eternal spirit of democ- 
racy, the eternal spirit of justice ,, and relates suffrage to both. 

Kelley, Florence. Some ethical gains through legis- 
lation. Macmillan, N. Y., 1905. ^$1.25. 

A thoroughly practical presentation of how much more 
has been accomplished in suffrage states than in -non-suffrage 
states. 

Kleiser, Grenville. Complete guide to public speak- 
ing. Funk & Wagnalls, N. Y., 191 5. *$5. 

A comprehensive dictionary guide to public speaking. 

Laidlaw, Harriet B. Organizing to win. National, 
N. Y., 1914. 5c. 

A handbook for working suffragists which outlines a 
scheme for organization by the political district plan. This 
plan of organization has been put into operation all over the 
United States. 

Lecky, William E. H. Democracy and liberty. 2v. 
Longmans, N. Y., 1899. $5- 

Treats woman's political and economic status. 

Livermore, Henrietta. Outline of suffrage speech. 

Woman's Journal, Boston. 

A survey in outline of woman suffrage as tabulated from 
a group of lessons for a suffrage school. 

McCabe, Joseph. Woman in political evolution. Na- 
tional, X. Y. 5c. 

An informing survey of the status of women through suc- 
cessive stages of development from primitive times to the 
present. 

"M'Carthy, Justin H. Political enfranchisement of 
women. Central National Society for Women's 
Suffrage, London, 1890. 

A strong appeal to the sense of justice. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 41 

Mazzini, Giuseppe. Duties towards the family in The 
duties of man. Everyman's lib. Dutton, N. Y., 1907. 

35c 

The burden of the equality argument here is : "Consider 
woman, therefore, as the partner and companion, not merely 
of your sorrows, but of your thoughts, your aspirations, 
your studies, and your endeavors after social amelioration. 
Consider her your equal in your civil and political life." 

McClung, Nellie L. . In times like these. Appleton, 

N. Y., 1915. *$L 

A Canadian woman's opinions on the subject of the fair 
deal which every man and woman should have. The suffrage 
chapter treats of the hardy perennial, prejudice. "In regard 
to tenacity of life, no old yellow cat has anything on a 
prejudice. You. may kill it with you own hands, bury it deep, 
and sit on the grave and behold ! the next day, it will walk in 
the back door, purring." 

McCulloch, Catherine W. Mr. Lex, on the legal 
status of mother and child. Revell, Chicago, 1899. 
35c 

This parable illustrating the possibilities of injustice to 
mothers in states which grant to fathers the guardianship of 
children was a large factor in securing an equal guardianship 
law in Illinois. 

Mackaye, Percy. Hymn for equal suffrage. "The 
present hour." Macmillan, X. Y., 1914. ^$1.25. 
A stirring hymn to be sung to "John Brown's Body." See 

MacKeldy, Ferdinand. Handbook of Roman law. 
T. &. J. W. Johnson & Co., Philadelphia, 1883. ^$6.50. 

Doctrines, principles and rules of Roman law in concise 
form. 



Mead, Lucia A. Abolition of the war system. Xa- 

tional, X. Y. 5c. 

Uniform with a series of pamphlets treating of the aboli- 
tion of certain social evils. 



42 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Meredith, Ellis. What difference does it make to 

women? National, N. Y., 5c. 

Contrasts suffrage states and non-suffrage states in the 
matter of guardianship laws and inheritance laws. 

Militarism versus Feminism. G. Allen & Unwin, 

London. 

An inquiry and a policy, demonstrating that militarism 
involves the subjection of women. 

Mill, John S. Subjection of women. Longmans, 
N. Y., 1906. *4oa 

One of the most forcible and logical arguments for 
woman suffrage. Among many contentions the writer main- 
tains that if only a few women want the ballot the door 
should not be shut upon them on the ground of social utility. 

Muirhead, James. Historical introduction to the pri- 
vate law of Rome. Adam & Charles Black, Edin- 
burgh. 1886. 2 is. 

An article written for the Encyclopedia Britannica ex- 
panded to meet the requirements of a textbook. 

Nathan, Maud. Progress of equal suffrage. National, 
N. Y. 5c. 

A concise survey of the status and gains for equal suf- 
frage to April, 1915, and a review of the political activity 
of enfranchised women. 

New York State Constitutional Convention Com- 
mission. Index digest of state commissions. Fred- 
erick D. Colson, Secretary commission, State Library, 
Albany, 191 5. 

An invaluable digest of state constitutions which puts in 
readily accessible form the exact provisions of the funda- 
mental law of the states. The special reference for this, 
outline shows how the state constitutions are amended. 

Ostrogorski, M. Rights of women: A comparative 

study in history and legislation. Scribner, N. Y., 

1893. $1. 

The writer examines the laws of the different countries 
as to the position of women with regard to the exercise of 
political and public rights. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 43 

Phelps, Edith M. Woman suffrage. (Debaters' hand- 
book.) The H. W. Wilson Co, White Plains, 
N. Y, new ed. 1916. *$i. 

Material on both sides of the suffrage question is pre- 
sented for debating purposes. The brief is helpful in anal- 
ysis of arguments. 

Phillips, Wendell. Shall women have the right to 

vote? Reprinted by the Equal Franchise Society of 

Penna. 1912. 

A speech made in 185 1 which admirably makes clear the 
relation of the present movement to its historical back- 
ground. 

Plato. Republic. Everyman's lib. Dutton. *35c. 

The sections of the fifth book bearing upon the subject of 
equality contain strongly worded statements whose assertion 
is that men and women have the same natural gifts, and 
that they should have the same sort of education and should 
follow the same pursuits. 

Pollock, Frederick, and Maitland, Frederic W. 
History of English law before the time of Edward 
I. 2v. Cambridge University Press, London, 1895. 
40s. 

Sketches early English legal history, surveys doctrine of 
English law in the early middle ages, and gives a digest of 
private rights and duties. 

Public Affairs Information Service. 191 5 Annual. 

H. W. Wilson Co, White Plains, N. Y. (To be 

found in public libraries.) 

A cooperative clearing house of information on ques- 
tions of public significance. It publishes a weekly bulletin, 
with bi-monthly cumulations, bringing this information to 
the attention of its subscribers; acts as a medium of ex- 
change between cooperators and distributing agencies in 
having publications sent direct to those desiring them ; and 
furnishes its subscribers, at the cost of copying, with val- 
uable typewritten material compiled by various organizations 
but never published. 

Rembaugh, Bertha. Political status of women in the 

United States. Putnam, N. Y., 191 1. $1. 

A digest of the laws concerning women in the various 
states and territories. "Each state is dealt with upon one 
fixed plan : — the situation as to general suffrage is first given 
in the words of the particular constitution, then follows the 
constitutional and statutory regulation of special and local 
suffrage. 



44 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Robins, Margaret D. The ballot for women for the 

protection of the home. Woman Suffrage Party, 

N. Y. 5c. 

Out of her full experience among people of the tenement 
districts of Chicago, Mrs. Robins shows how the ballot 
would be an implement in the hands of these home makers 
for the better protection of their homes. 

Robinson, Frederick B. Effective public speaking. 

La Salle Extension University, Chicago, 1915. 

A course of lessons which in developing eifective speech 
aims incidentally to systematize reading, research and 
thought. 

Roe, Gilbert E. Discriminations against women in the 

laws of New York. 5c. 

A summary of the laws in New York state that discrimi- 
nate against women. 

Ross, Edward A. Social psychology. Macmillan, 

N. Y., 1908. *$i.5o. 

An outline and source book of social psychology. In it 
the writer supports woman suffrage on the grounds that 
much of woman's exaggerated impressionability disappears 
once she enjoys equal access with men to such individualiz- 
ing influences as higher education, travel, self-direction, pro- 
fessional pursuits, participation in intellectual and public life. 

Schirmacher, Dr. Kaethe. Modern woman's rights 

movement. Macmillan, N. Y., 1912. *$i.5o. 

A historical survey of the woman movement which is a 
translation of the second German edition. The chapters deal 
with the progress to 1912 made by women all over the land 
towards the ideals of equality that have been fixed for attain- 
ment. 

Shaw, Axxa H. Speech delivered at Birmingham, 

Ala., April 16, 1915. National, N. Y. 5c. 

A thoroughly characteristic speech interspersed with orig- 
inal answers to arguments in which Dr. Shaw urges to think 
of women as human factors in the world's progress. 

Shaw, Anna H. Story of a pioneer. Harper, N. Y. 

191 5. *$2. 

An intimate story of Dr. Shaw's life which in part is the 
story of the struggles and progress of suffrage during more 
than thirty years. Her good judgment that has shaped sound 
suffrage policies and her never-failing sense of humor that 
has leavened many a lump of suffrage hardship leave their 
impress upon the pages. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 45 

"Sophia." Beauty's triumph; or, The superiority of 
the fair sex invincibly proved. J. Robinson, London, 

I75i- 

Essays which review and refute the arguments for the 
natural right of man to a sovereign authority over woman. 

Squier, Belle. Woman movement in America. A. C. 

McClurg, Chicago, 191 1. *75c 

A short account of the struggle for equal rights which is 
a picture of the phases of suffrage history rather than a col- 
lection of facts. 

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady and Others. History of 

woman suffrage. 4V. National, N. Y., 1889. $8. 

These volumes put into permanent form the scattered ac- 
counts of the woman suffrage movement that were available 
* in the eighties. 

Sumner, Helen. Equal suffrage. Harper, N. Y., 1909. 

$2. 

The results of an investigation in Colorado whose object 
was "to disentangle from other political factors the influence 
of equal suffrage upon political and social life." 

Swanwick, H. M. Future of the women's movement. 

G. Bell & Sons, London, 1913. 2s 6d. 

There is less of prophecy than the title suggests. The 
pages sketch the source and aims of the woman movement 
in England to show the directions in which it appears to be 
traveling. 

Tacitus, Caius C. Works. 2v. Oxford translation, re- 
vised. Bell & Daldy, London, 1872. 

A valuable translation of Tacitus on account of the illum- 
inating footnotes. There are many others, among them the 
inexpensive "Everyman's library" translation, published by E. 
P. Dutton & Co., N. Y. 

Thomas, Thaddeus P. Why equal suffrage has been a 
success. Connecticut Woman Suffrage Assn., pa. 
15c. 

Sixteen benefits from woman suffrage are enumerated 
with a half benefit cited at the close — the half purification of 
politics. "Women may not be able to purify politics com- 
pletely but they will quietly sweep out of power those corrupt 
politicians who make money by selling the bodies and souls 
of children." 



46 STUDY OUTLINE ON 

Tucker, T. G. Life in the Roman world of Nero and 

St. Paul. Macmillan, N. Y., 1910. ^$2.50. 

A faithful presentation of the age of Nero, untechnical 
and popular. 

Walsh, W. Dialogue concerning women, being a de- 
fence of the sex. R. Bently, London, 1691. 

In dialog this volume deals mainly with a comparison of 
the morals of the two sexes. * 

Whitlock, Brand. Women and democracy. Equal 

Franchise Society, N. Y., 1910. 5c. 

The spirit of this address is expressed in the following: 
"Men vote because they are men. There is no other reason 
under heaven than that, and women have the right to vote 
because they are women, because with men they are part of 
humanity." 

Wiener, Leo. An interpretation of the Russian people. 
McBride, Nast & Co., N. Y., 1915. ^$1.25. 

An attempt "without bias or rancor, to present all the 
sides of the national existence and to moderate the Russian 
spirit of self-abasement in the light of Anglo-Saxon objec- 
tivity and fairness." 

Wilson, Jennie L. Legal status of women in the 
United States. Torch Press, Cedar Rapids, la. 1912. 
*$2.5o. - 

A book prepared for the purpose of presenting to the 
women of all states in a brief and concise form a digest of 
the most important laws pertaining to marriage, divorce, care 
and custody of children, mutual obligation of husband and 
wife, guardianship, property and other subjects that concern 
women most deeply. 

Zimmern, Alice. Women's suffrage in many lands. 
Published at Bream's Building, Chancery Lane, Lon- 
don, 1909. is. 

A clear and intelligible review of the history and status 
of the woman suffrage movement in countries the world 
over. 



WOMAN SUFFRAGE 47 

Suffrage News 

Forerunner. 627 W. 136th st, N. Y. Yearly $1. 
Issued monthly by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. 

Headquarters News Letter. National, N. Y. Yearly 

25c. 

A monthly publication which is "a printed attempt to 
maintain intimate contact between the National American 
Woman Suffrage Association and its thousands of members 
throughout the county." 

Woman's Journal. 585 Boylston st., Boston. Yearly 

$1. 

A weekly newspaper "devoted to winning equal rights and 
especially to winning equal suffrage for women." See issue 
of January 29th for list of editorials appearing during 1915. 
Many have direct bearing upon subjects considered through- 
out the outline. 

Woman Voter. 48 East 34th St., N. Y. Yearly 50c. 

A live monthly publication isued by the Woman Suffrage 
Party. 



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